Domesticated chinchillas have been around for 100 years. They are no longer considered to be exotics by FDA standards. They can live to be over 25 years compared to the wild, which is closer to 5 years. Unlike dogs chinchillas do not need a lot of attention and do not need to be exercised regularly.
I do recommend having an exercise wheel for chinchillas that are fully grown or older. (Do not put immature chins with a wheel. They may kill themselves overexciting on it and overheat.)
They can do very well pretty much on their own but can become very tame with regular handling and care. They typically do not have the bond you would expect with a good dog. Chinchillas usually prefer solitude over being in the cage with other chins and it's safer for them to live alone. You'll be better off interacting with your chinchilla in multiple short sessions (5 minutes or less) throughout the day. They tend to prefer interaction through the bars and in the cage. It should not interfere with your dog at all.
Color mutations do not seem to have any effect on chinchilla health or behavior, although breeding methods across colors can have a significant impact if they are inbred, overbred, or not monitored for genetic conditions. A reputable breeder will take chins whose offspring expresses genetic defects out of the line.